World War 1 Essays (1181 words) - Blockades, World War I

World War 1 When the World War I broke out in 1914, with Austria-Hungary declaring war on Serbia. Americas first reaction was to stay out to conflict. President Wilson, in his speech to the Congress on August 19, 1914 said: Every man who really loves America will act and speak in the true spirit of neutrality. The United States must be neutral in fact as well as in name during these days that are to try mens souls. We must be impartial in thought as well as in action. All American leaders favored neutrality. While the entire European continent was divided into two camps: Germany, Austria, Hungary and Turkey as Central Powers were pitted against the Allied powers: Serbia, Britain, France, Belgium, Italy and Russia. As the war progressed, American public sympathies veered to the Allied side. Under the leadership of J.P. Morgan and Company many banking firms gave huge loans to the Allied powers. By international rules the neutral country could trade with any other neutral nation and also with other belligerent countries not facing a blockade. The Americans wished to continue trade with both belligerent sides. In the initial stages of the war the British blockade of Germany created problems for the U.S. The British tried to stop all trade between Germany and the rest of the world. They extended their blockade by controlling imports to other neutral countries like Holland, Denmark and Sweden with are geographically close to Germany The Americans protested against the violation of neutral rights though Wilson never put undue pressure on England as no U.S. citizen lost his life due to the blockade. Moreover, all cargo seized was paid for at war. It was the German use of submarines in the war that brought the U.S. in direct confrontation with Germany. The German submarines fired indiscriminately at neutral ships too. The last straw was when the British passenger liner Lusitania was sunk by German submarines on May 7. It resulted in the loss of 1,200 lives which included 128 Americans. The American public was outraged. President Wilson immediately demanded compensation from Germany in a series of notes to Berlin. The tone of these notes was very crisp and harsh. Ten months after the incident, Germany apologized for the sinking and offered a compensation for the loss. But the U.S. was not satisfied. Wilson wanted to make Germany stop the use of submarines in the war. The Germans refused to comply with this. The tension with Germany resulted in many leaders advocating preparations for a possible war. The President was pressurized to order the enlargement of the army. Also, a 3-year building program for new ships was given the presidential nod. In 1916, Wilson was re-elected as the President of the U.S. Meanwhile, Germany declared that the U-boats would sink all ships: passenger or merchant; belligerent or neutral in the war zone. This angered the President. Three days later, he broke off all diplomatic relations with Germany. America still did not wish to enter the war. However, she took precautions. Wilson ordered all American merchants ships to be armed. On March 18, 1917, Germany sank three more American ships without prior warning. By now, Wilson had realized that without fresh troops and ammunition, the Allies would collapse. This war partly due to the Russian Bolshevik Revolution where Russia signed a peace pact with Germany. This had weakened the Allied camp. So during an extra-ordinary session of the Congress, the President declared war on Germany (1917). In his war message he stated: ...We shall fight for the things which we have always carried nearest to our hearts - for democracy...for the rights and liberties of small nations, for a universal dominion of right by such a concert of free peoples as shall bring peace and safety to all actions and make the world itself last free. With the entry of the U.S. in the war, the Allies got a fresh lease of life. In 1918, the Central powers faced a crushing defeat. After Americas entry into the war, Wilson realized that the Allied nations had made several secret treaties among themselves. This, Wilson felt, would go against the maintenance of lasting peace in the region. On January 8, 1918 he delivered his now

Thermoforming essays

Thermoforming essays Thermoforming is one of many manufacturing processes that converts plastic resin into usable everyday products. Thermoforming is greatly relied on in today's society because of the tremendous need for high volume plastic products. Thermoforming is considered to be one of the most cost-effective processes in plastics manufacturing. Thermoforming is considerably economical because of the low molding costs and fast molding cycles. Speed and cost efficiency are the highlighted qualities that thermoforming offers which lead the way for the process becoming so important in industry today. The basic concept of thermoforming is quite simple. A premanufactored thermoplastic sheet is heated until it becomes soft and pliable. It is then forced against the contours of a mold until it cools to its original state. Once it has cooled it is removed from the mold while still obtaining the shape of the mold. Usually the product is then trimmed to produce the finished product. The operation seems simple and straight foreword but there are many different applications associated with the process. Thermoforming is a broad term; there are many different types of thermoforming processes. These processes all have similar traits but they do differ in certain aspects of the overall process. Trapped Sheet Forming is a specialized type of thermoforming. In trapped sheet forming a hot blow plate is used in both the heating and forming process. A plastic sheet is positioned between the hot blow plate and the female mold cavity. Air forced through the plate and pressure from the female mold combine to thrust the sheet onto the hot plate. The sheet is then heated and forced into the female mold by the use of air pressure. One advantage to trapped sheet forming that is such a simplified process that many products can be produced from this method. Also the process uses contact heating, which is easily used and is not subject t ...

An Easier Way To Tell Your Story Using Content Marketing

An Easier Way To Tell Your Story Using Content Marketing The term story is used all the time with content marketing. â€Å"Find your story,† they say. â€Å"Tell your unique story.† Well, sometimes your story can be so big, it can be hard to know where to start. Do you have a ton of ideas for blog posts but struggle to find the topics your audience would care about the most? Is it hard to understand the connection from one blog post to another? Creating content that connects one blog post with the next can seem like a complex process. But it doesnt have to be. An Easier Way To Tell Your Story Using Content Marketing #ContentMarketing #Storytelling How Story Flows Can Help You Create Connected and Relevant Content Defining your story about a specific topic- and breaking down that huge concept with story flows- will help you create better content. Story flows are just a small group of ideas you can use to create content. They are parts- or chapters- of your story that can help you manage your process much easier while making sure your content is connected. Story flows can make sure that all of your content marketing is connected. #ContentMarketingIf you have a ton of ideas- or even none at all- the process of defining your story and subsequent flows will help you: Find your topic. Connect that topic with your audience. Discover the unique story you’ll share. Find patterns to connect your blog posts. Manage your blog posts as projects. Reuse your blog posts as larger content formats (like e-books, webinars or whatever your audience wants). Essentially, the process of defining your story and story flows will help you plan your work to help you create blog posts faster and more strategically. Give this a try in the morning, and youll be creating better content by the afternoon. Heres how it works. Step 1: Find Your Topic Whether youre a product or service company, you probably have a million things you could talk about. For this process to work, its essential to narrow your topic to just one thing. That’s not to say that you could create content for multiple topics- just concentrate on one at a time while planning this stuff so your head doesnt explode. Topics are typically high-level niches your company is well-known for- or wants to become well-known for. Were not looking for broad, sweeping industry terms here- this cant cover everything your business does. Instead, focus on something truly unique to your company that makes you stand out from your competition. Thats your topic. Ask yourself: Whats the first topic you want to tackle? Step 2: Connect That Topic With Your Audience Knowing the topic you want to talk about is one thing. In order for your content marketing to be successful, you need to make sure your audience actually cares about that topic. At this point, you need to have an understanding of your customer base- your content marketings audience. For this practice to work, understand that everyone is not a good answer for who your audience is! Everyone is not a good answer to the question who is my audience?   #ContentMarketing #ProTipYou may have heard of reader personas before to help you think of your audience while you write blog posts. That may be exactly what you need to connect your topic with your audience. Ive seen marketers create content that only talks about their products or services (what theyve defined as their topic) without figuring out what their audience really wants from their business. Its a huge waste of effort to create content without understanding your audiences needs. You have things you want to talk about. There are people who want to hear about those things. But they may not want to hear the features of your product or service, but learn about a way to do something different- better, faster or easier- as related to your topic. As an example, provides an editorial calendar as a product and service, but a topic we  concentrate on is helping our  customers enhance their own content marketing. Ask yourself: Who cares about your topic enough to search for information to solve their need? Step 3: Discover the Unique Story You’ll Share Now its time to explore the details of your topic and the things your audience cares about. This is when you define your content core- your content marketing story. In this step, you need to find your topic expert (whether its you or someone else in your company) and gather some information from them. If you think of this like an interview, you need to ask about this stuff: What does your audience already know about your topic? How did they learn about it? Why does your audience care about your topic? How can you help them learn more about that topic? So when you start gathering that information, keep these three things in mind: Ask enough questions to make sure you fully understand the topic. Connect your knowledge with your audiences needs. Use what you learned to define a mission statement to help you stay focused. Put it to work: Find the information to understand your topic, audience and mission statement. Step 4: Find Patterns to Connect Your Blog Posts When you discover your story, you’ll find a ton of ideas you could create blog posts about. Dont let this overwhelm you- this is when your story flows will help you strategically plan your blog posts. Organize all those ideas from awareness level messages to the ones that help your audience make big decisions. One way to think about this is with a traditional marketing funnel. The funnel can help you visualize which ideas your prospects might be interested in- people just discovering your topic- versus people who are nearly ready to use your product or service. You should categorize your discovery ideas at the top of the funnel, whereas the big decision-making ideas are probably at the bottom of the funnel. Organize your ideas in an ideal chronological order. So think of it this way: If someone were to read every single blog post you write, which posts would come first, second, third and so on. Organizing your ideas in chronological order can help you choose ideas from beginning to end for your story flows. This way, when you write your blog posts, you’ll walk your audience through an entire journey from awareness to helping them make a decision. Once you have your ideas in order, look for patterns from the beginning of the list to the end. For example, you might see a pattern on how your audience could do something faster, which would be helpful for them to save time they could use on other projects. There will be ideas from the top of the funnel all the way to the bottom that could come together as a story flow for these ideas. It’s important for your story flows to have ideas from awareness to decision-making. As you laid out in your ideal chronological order, you want to funnel your audience to the end ideas to help them make a decision. You can’t do that if you don’t have a story flow with ideas ranging from the top of the funnel all the way to the bottom. Put it to work: Categorize your ideas in a chronological order (as if your audience were to read every blog post you write from start to finish). Step 5: Manage Your Blog Posts as Projects When you looked through the ideas that make up your story, you were probably able to come up with a number of story flows. This is helpful because you can manage your blog posts as projects- pick a small group of ideas to tackle at a time. For example, if you had 10 ideas that came together in a story flow, that has the potential to be 10 or more blog posts. Now you can manage those posts with your editorial calendar and assign them as projects with specific due dates. At this time, you may want to spread out a single story flow throughout the year- and work on several story flows at the same time. That gives you time to create minimum viable content and measure the success of a given story flow- piece by piece- while consistently creating strategic content. Though this approach involves working on several projects (story flows) at a time, its very manageable by planning your work for the upcoming weeks, month or year (depending on the size of your story flows) using an editorial calendar. In this example, its easy to spot blog posts planned for three story flows because they are highlighted with different colors. Your story flows give you the opportunity to plan your work and help you move faster while strategically connecting all of the content you create. Put it to work: Plan your ideas as blog posts on your editorial calendar. Step 6: Reuse Your Blog Posts in Larger Content Formats When youre done with your blog posts for a specific story flow, you now have so much connected content that you can create larger pieces from those posts. After you create enough blog posts to complete a story flow, you can reuse that content for larger formats like e-books, webinars and videos (among others). Imagine your blog posts coming together as chapters in an e-book. After you have an e-book, couldnt you use that same content for discussion points in a webinar? And after that webinar is over, couldnt you share that recorded webinar as a training video? And maybe you could even write a few more blog posts to share that video of the webinar. Being able to reuse your blog posts for larger forms of content is one of the biggest benefits of strategically planning your story flows. Ask yourself: How can you repurpose the blog posts you wrote for specific story flows into larger content formats your audience wants? What Will You Do Now? I meant it when I said a lot of this can be done in a single day. The beauty of the process is that it can be as extensive or relaxed as you need it to be. How could you plan and execute your content marketing using story flows?

Effective Cross-Cultural Management in the UK Company Essay - 2

Effective Cross-Cultural Management in the UK Company - Essay Example According to Hennart and Zeng (2002), amalgamation of organizational structure, team dynamics and business infrastructure has gone through a regime shift, which has been witnessed over last 20 years primarily because of a globalized world. Due to a strongly interconnected world, frequency as well as amount of knowledge and information transmission across borders has increased to a great extent (Hofstede and McCrae, 2004). Considering the current intensity of competition and business environment, it is noticed that companies headquartered in a particular country are seeking entry into international field by means of business expansion on a global magnitude. Johnson, Lenartowicz and Apud (2006) suggested that the underlying motive behind implementation of such a strategy is to gain an advantageous position. In effect, companies gain access to a larger base of customer and are able to amplify growth rate (Minbaeva and Michailova, 2004). Empirical research scholars such as, Moran, Harris and Moran (2007) and Morley and Robins (2001), provide a different view point. According to the authors, companies implement global expansion strategies in order to spread risk evenly. Such strategies offer companies with the opportunity to diversify their business portfolio, thereby setting up compound earning sources and learning foreign cultures. The fundamental motive behind undergoing such a learning process is to support innovation.

Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Politics - Essay Example Whatever the flaws, the precepts of divine law theory are basically hinged on what is right and what is wrong. Under that concept, any chaos or disorder in a community is resolved by determining what is good or bad in the conduct of the members. Hence, when all went loose and everyone was in pandemonium and craving for his or her own individual human desires, the biblical Moses saw that a law or set of laws be put in place in order to bring back orderliness and desirable behavior among the throng. Seeking heavenly intervention, he took rage against the people and dictated upon them absolute obedience to the Ten Commandments which he claimed came from above. Whether the directives were really from supernatural forces or not did not make a difference. What was then more essential and urgently necessary was that sanity and normalcy returned to the ancient land within the ambit of law and justice. As population multiplied and as men adopted different beliefs, perceptions and concepts, bowing to one symbol of adoration and worship over and above the power of humans became impossible. Those who were of superior intelligence developed their own independent thinking, perceptions and understanding of things and events and discussed and debated on their ideas in the public forums. The expressions influenced even those who did not care about changes and dynamics taking place in society. As it became imperative, practical laws which did not bear to any divine connection slowly gained acceptance. It had to be accepted that there were scores of people who did not believe in a god or in gods primarily because they did not see those to be worshipped. They did not entertain the idea of leaving to faith whatever they wanted to believe in. Interspersed between the differing factions, the concept of natural law became a neutral ground as an alternative that could be accepted by all to a cert ain extent. Hence, one who sowed and planted would harvest the

Explain what is meant by the term national curriculum Essay Example for Free

Explain what is meant by the term national curriculum Essay The basic school curriculum includes the national curriculum, religious education and sex education. The national curriculum is a set of subjects and standards used by primary and secondary schools so children learn the same things it is defined by four key stages to be spread over the 12 years of compulsory years of schooling. It covers what subjects are taught and the standards children should reach in each subject. Other types of schools such as academies and private schools don’t have to follow the national curriculum. Academies must teach a broad and balanced curriculum including English, maths and science. They must also teach religious education. The national curriculum is organised into four key stages at the end of each key stage, the pupil’s teacher will formally assess their performance to measure the pupil’s progress. This will set targets for learning and will also show how performance will be assessed and then reported. For each subject there’s a programme of study, it describes what children should learn. Discuss 5 factors that influence learning The influence of other people can have an affect the pupils learning the ways in which this can happen is by the way there family encourage learning if their family encourages and is enthusiastic about learning the student is more likely to be enthusiastic and therefore become a more effective learner if the students family do not promote the benefits of learning this can make the child less enthusiastic giving them an undervalued opinion of learning and education and affecting their capabilities.

My Philosophy of Education :: Educational Teaching Teachers Essays

My Philosophy of Education A few years ago I happened to witness a teacher touching the life a student. The teacher gave him praise and self-confidence; in return the student began to work harder towards his goals in life. He realized the meaning of inspiration and strived towards his goals, the teacher had turned around a student’s life. That student’s life happened to be mine. One of the main reasons why I want to become a teacher is to touch the lives of students. I will use my philosophical view to tell you why I chose to become a teacher. I will discuss the nature of students, the nature of knowledge, the purpose of public education, teaching method, and my curriculum to state my philosophy. First, I will discuss the nature of students. Most students are basically similar. Students are motivated to gain an education, to pass; they want to gain certification weather as a high school diploma or a college degree. Unfortunately there are students who stray from this path because of no inspiration to better themselves. A student must be motivated to succeed into today’s society and most students want to succeed in life, therefore they should have learned the basic morals and skills to survive. However, most students who are motivated are basically good morally. For instance, good student that misbehave do so because they want to gain attention. If each student is paid attention to then the majority of the students will turn out as inspired decision makers. Let’s move on to a different point. Secondly, I will discuss the nature of knowledge. I believe that the nature of knowledge is absolute and it is discovered. In my education 210 class my teacher ask us Questions. Therefore to gain the answer to these questions we must either look the questions up or she will give us hints to discover them. This type of learning is called discovery learning. All through out history knowledge has been discovered, take for example archaeologist. Archaeologists discover new things everyday dealing from ancient civilizations to dinosaur bones.

Monitor and Evaluate Workplace Learning and Development Essay

Monitor and evaluate workplace learning and development|  360-degree feedback: This review mechanism consists of performance data generated from a number of sources and almost always includes those staff to whom the individual reports, their peer group, their staff and, in appropriate circumstances, their customers. This approach typically includes a self-assessment using a common process to allow the individual’s own perceptions of their performance to be compared with the other assessing groups. | Performance Development Reviews (PDRs):The process aims to help staff and their managers/supervisors to achieve the best results by: * Identifying the individual work objectives that are most important in achieving the unit’s and the University’s strategic goals * Ensuring a sustainable workload * Setting development goals that meet the staff member’s job and career goals and which help to provide the University with a highly skilled and flexible workforce * Sharing feedback about achievements and problems so that the staff member and their supervisor/manager can * identify and address issues that impede progress Performance appraisal * Performance appraisals are partly evaluation and partly developmental. In traditional performance appraisals the manager and employee evaluate the employee’s strengths and weaknesses. In a 360-degree performance appraisal, feedback is gathered from supervisors, peers, staff, other colleagues and sometimes clients. The results of an appraisal can be used to identify areas for further development of the employee . Have employers/supervisors conduct monthly checks with group managers and discuss current status of groups- information  such as behavioural aspects, work quality & efficiency & individual member analysis. We have been assigned to solve the problems and are keen to change the way the company works in order to better the company as a whole. There have been problems in the staff such as low morale, low efficiency and etc. The management of the company is also suffering from poor and out dated leadership techniques. This company’s staff and management has not been reviewed and updated since the 1970s and must be done as soon as possible if this company is to continue to operate. This is a growing concern as the company has entered its first year with a loss in profit. to the 21st century with improved individual skills & team development, & better company performance. The organisation is still living in the past and thus has suffered in the market greatly, staff morale & efficiency are at an all-time low, the majority of staff are well over 50 years old, and are unfamiliar with the new modern technical age. The majority of managers are performing appallingly, which in turn is affecting employee morale, productivity as well as negatively affecting the overall working environment. To counter these problems I will attempt to implement new management/operational methods and improved leadership performance &  skills, while tending to each employee individually to improve their skill set & value to the company.

Oil Crisis of 1973-1974: A Brief History with Documents Essay

During the fall of shah, massive crisis occurred especially in the oil resources, and the United States was not able to foresee such crisis. It is a well known fact that Iran served as one of the top most provider of world’s oil, and even Saudi Arabia proclaimed the initiation of Iran’s oil production. For the record, it is Iran who has been supplying the global oil requirement for at 5 to 7 percent . However, with such dependence on major oil suppliers, such as Iran, the dependency of oil companies, suppliers and consumers was turned down by the shortage and crises that occurred during 1970s. During this moment, the economic stability of oil supplies was shaken by the shortage; hence, different oil companies, suppliers and consumers stock up fearing that the oil costs might increase . During the two consecutive price shocks for oil products in 1970s, primarily, it was caused by the extensive decrease of oil supply in the market. The price increase even surged up to twenty fold compared to previous prices from 1960s . During this year, a considerable market panic occurred, which significantly marked the economic history of oil supplies. Hence, this even was termed as the Oil Crisis of 1973-1974 . Between hoarding and speculative buying, oil prices went up throughout 1979 and into 1980s. Iraq’s plot of invading Iran had significantly altered the oil supply present in the country during that time. lran War kept Iranian oil off the market and caused a 70 percent cutback in Iraqi oil exports as well . In this study, the primary issues to be covered are the events that occurred during the oil crisis of 1973 and 1974 wherein the oil crisis settled in and caused an economic turmoil on oil stocks. The study provides more emphasis on the effects of war in oil crisis, the oil crisis causing the economic panic, and the shortage causing market and civilian anxiety over price hikes of commodities. Discussion As the 1973 – 1974 oil crisis settled in the international world market, oil company profits surged upward during the new crisis and their critics cried foul. Various debates and conducted studies had been initiated during that point with the aims of determining the primary suspect for the cause of oil shortage; however, only contributory factors were obtained, but there were no exact data to pinpoint the cause of the oil crisis . To give an idea in terms of the oil price hike during this period, during 1960s, the barrel of crude oil cost only about US $2 per barrel. However, by the time the oil crisis struck the market in 1973 and 1974, the per barrel cost even reached up to U.  S $10, which is approximately 5 fold increase from 1960s . The reason for this development was that the resource countries claimed the property rights to the crude oil reserves in their soil. Due to the extensive shortage of oil production in the country, oil companies, most especially those supplying international market and small to large scale oil companies, were cut oil from their supply sources. Because of these, the shortage on oil supplies emerged rapidly and greatly and the price hike continued to surge in unexpected amounts. Added in these issues, the oil companies, particularly the internationally scoped firms, had to add the shouldered royalty . Even with the extended period of cooperation with Saudi Arabia, the conflicts in the Middle East, such as the Iran-Iraq war, and British conflict with gulf countries, had all contributed to the decline and shortage of oil production. The oil crisis dramatically changed the United States’ perspective among the countries in the Gulf region. During the manifestation of the crisis, the United States even had to pay an incredibly high toll, more than the European toll. Hence, the United States studied the policies on oil flow and therefore prioritized the determining of the hostile disruption on oil flow, then counters such predicament to solve the crisis on oil shortage . After the issues on oil shortage eased, the number of different companies who have been speculating on the reigning shortage of oil did not fade away. Suspicion among industrial firms and companies still rose and the conspiratorial perspective of oil industries and establishments were all firmly established. In addition, around 1960s, American confidence in business associations and political sectors had been declining due to the perceived incompetencies of these sectors to manage the crisis on oil . The effect of the oil shortage in the countries had caused tremendous economic panic in both public and private sectors. The introduction of new priced oil stocks with a very high price gap from 1960s had caused massive decline in capital, which in the end caused the decline in production, employment and growth. In addition, during the same period, the initiation of oil redistribution of real income in favor of the oil-producing nations took place. Due to the world wide shortage on oil reserves, industrialized nations had to give away export oil products in order to compensate the need of world market; hence, the value of appropriate trade further deteriorated . After the first crisis on 1973 and 1974, another came in on January 1979; however, majority of the public was not able to notice the initial effects of the second crisis. Moreover, it was only in March 1979 when the public began to feel the impacts of the second strike of the crises; although, this one accounts less disturbing compared to the initial strike of shortage . Conclusion In the conclusion of the study, the origin of the oil crisis from 1973 to 1974 was relatively indefinite, yet there were speculations on how the crisis became worst. Some of the issues that contributed to the increasing prices of oil were the Iran-Iraq war, the British arguments with Saudi Arabia, and the shortage of oil supply. The effect of these incidence caused tremendous price hike on all oil commodities, which initiated market panic and hoarding among oil suppliers and small to large scale companies. The second wave of oil shortage followed; however, it was not deemed as heavy as the 1973-1974 incidents.

Archetype vs. Prototype

Archetype vs. Prototype Archetype vs. Prototype Archetype vs. Prototype By Mark Nichol What’s your type? Archetype and prototype are both suitable matches for referring to an exemplar and then there’s stereotype but among their senses are both similar and dissimilar meanings. Before we go into details, let’s look at the root word: Type (from the Latin term typus, â€Å"image,† ultimately derived from the Greek word typos, â€Å"impression†) is defined as â€Å"a model,† â€Å"a distinctive sign,† â€Å"a set of distinguishable qualities.† Idiomatic usage for the word includes â€Å"type A personality† (indicating a high-strung person, based on popular perception of a discredited psychological theory), â€Å"casting against type† (referring to when performers are selected for roles they don’t superficially seem suited for), and â€Å"not my type† (dismissal of another person because of personal incompatibility). In two senses, archetype and prototype are direct synonyms: They both mean â€Å"original pattern or model,† or â€Å"perfect example.† However, archetype (Latin, archetypum; Greek, arkhetypon), which literally means â€Å"first model,† also refers to C. J. Jung’s concept of an idea or image from the collective subconscious; it has a more intellectual connotation. The prefix arch- denotes the most accomplished or high ranking of a type (archrival, archvillain), as does the suffix -arch (patriarch, hierarch); -archy is the basis for terms describing a system of government (monarchy) or an organizational scheme (hierarchy). Interestingly, because the prefix was so often employed, as in the examples above, to describe a nefarious person, arch acquired an adjectival sense of â€Å"mischievous, impudent.† (The arch in, well, arch, referring to a structural member, has a different etymology and is akin to arc.) Prototype has the same literal meaning, but its primary sense is more utilitarian, referring to a standard configuration, the initial model of a constructed object, or an earlier version of an organism or a device. The proto- prefix is relatively obscure, occurring mostly in scientific terminology (protoplasm, â€Å"beginning molding,† and protozoa, â€Å"beginning animal,† are examples of its use most familiar to laypeople); the root word, as an integral part of a larger term rather than as a suffix, appears in protocol (from a Greek term meaning â€Å"first sheet,† referring to a code or convention dictating proper procedure). Stereotype means â€Å"something that matches a fixed or universal pattern,† but unlike the other terms, it usually has a negative connotation: It refers to an idea, carelessly formed based on ignorance or bigotry, that one class of people generally understands to be, well, typical of another class. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 English Grammar Rules You Should Know10 Techniques for More Precise WritingEmpathic or Empathetic?

apocope - definition and examples of apocope in English

apocope - definition and examples of apocope in English Apocope is a  rhetorical term for the omission of one or more sounds or syllables from the end of a word. Also called end-cut, apocope is a type of elision. Etymology: From the Greek, to cut off Examples and Observations In many poor neighborhoods, the Sandinista Front has more street cred than the local youth gang.(Tim Rogers, Even Gangsters Need Their Mamas. Time magazine, Aug. 24, 2007)Season your admiration for a while with an attent ear.(William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act I, scene 2)Loss of sounds from the end of a word is known as apocope, as in the pronunciation of child as chile.(Thomas Pyles and John Algeo, The Origins and Development of the English Language. Harcourt, 1982)After he left the city, thousands of people toasted him with beer at a barbie, an Australian barbecue.(Pope in Australia, The New York Times, Dec. 1, 1986)Newspapers have their own style and it is important that your feature matches it. For instance, it would be pointless writing a feature for a staid weekly in the style of something more suitable for a lads mag.(Susan Pape and Sue Featherstone, Feature Writing: A Practical Introduction. Sage, 2000) New Words and Names Quite a few English words have resulted from apocope, among them cinema (from cinematograph) and photo (from photograph). Names often undergo apocope (e.g., Barb, Ben, Deb, Steph, Theo, Vince).(Bryan Garner, Garners Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press, 2009) Lost Vowels Apocope is a process that deletes word-final segments, including unstressed (reduced) vowels. In Middle English, many words, such as sweet, root, etc. were pronounced with a final [e], but by the time of modern English, these final reduced vowels had been lost. We still see signs of final reduced vowels in the archaic spelling of words like olde.(Mary Louise Edwards and Lawrence D. Shriberg, Phonology: Applications in Communicative Disorders. College-Hill Press, 1983)Oliver Sacks on His Favorite WordOne of my favorite words is apocopeI use it (for example) in A Surgeons Life: . . . the end of the word omitted by a tactful apocope (Anthropologist on Mars, Vintage, p. 94).I love its sound, its explosiveness (as do some of my Tourettic friendsfor when it becomes a four-syllable verbal tic, which can be impaired or imploded into a tenth of a second), and the fact that it compresses four vowels and four syllables into a mere seven letters.(Oliver Sacks, quoted by Lewis Burke Frumkes in F avorite Words of Famous People. Marion Street Press, 2011) Pronunciation: eh-PAHK-eh-pee

Cyber crime,the social engineering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cyber crime,the social engineering - Essay Example Today social engineering has become a nuisance to many people as the cybercrime techniques improve and spread widely. Those committing the offenses tend to manipulate the victims into believing false information to obtain personal or organizations crucial information. Cybercrimes pay as some of the social engineering obtains payments through targeting specific organization information. The internet as a social engineer leads to over reliance on information provided through the internet. People meet through the social network and share information without their physical knowledge, thus promoting cybercrime. People act upon the received emails, telephones, mobiles and faxes from others they are unfamiliar with. It is becasue of the the ability to believe what others say. People, in many cases, act as the weak links to cybercrime as the hackers target the human nature and obtain a response. The social engineers tend to be charming or at times use their appearance and hold false authorit y. Ruse acts as a key while the parody and disguise is through speech, physical disguise or documents (Brenner 2010 page 40-96). Face to face communication proves to be the best form of information exchange as people obtain direct feedback. Physical reactions are evident and direct responses are made unlike communication through the internet. The social engineers use tricks and technology to obtain information that is difficult to track. The engineers have good knowledge on the use of computers and ways to prevent their arrest. Social engineering through the internet is easy to deal with as phone numbers are tracked leading to the social engineer. Though the act of spoofing provides a social engineer with the name, and number of the caller that permits the callers to forge their identity, social engineering still proves difficult to deal with. Web spoofing allows scanning of documents and